接下来，笔者会对“that”从句家族做一个系统梳理，帮助大家进一步理解，准确运用。

我们来看一下以下句子：

The traits that we inherit from our parents and the situation and experiences that we encounter in life are constantly interacting.

首先第一句，分析得出主干为“The traits and the situation and experiences are constantly interacting”。这里跟在“traits”和“the situation and experiences”后面的两个“that”从句分别修饰它们（通常用“that”引导的非完整句表达，“that”充当从句中的主语等名词成份）。

Unfortunately, we often see the case that new things are promoted because they have good impacts for the majority of people.

在第二个句子中，“we often see the case”已经包揽了整句的主谓宾，那么跟在“case”后面的“that”从句是同位语从句，其功能在于解释“case”的具体内容（通常用“that”引导的完整句表达）。

分析完以上两个句子，我们来总结一下。这两句的形式非常相似，因为“that”从句都是跟在名词后面。但是不同之处在于定语从句中的“that”在其中充当名词成份，而同位语从句中的that”在其中不充当任何成份。这就是我们区分两种从句的依据。

试分析以下两个例句：

The news that many hospitals have been established is told by him.（同从）

The news that he told me (the news) is true. （定从）

It was once assumed that improvements in telecommunications would lead to more dispersal in the population as people were no longer forced into cities.

第三个句子对大家来说应该是非常亲切，这是一个非常实用的句型，用来表达对现象，观点的态度（通常用“that”引导的完整句表达）。那么这里的“that”从句属于名词性从句，充当句子的主语，“it”作为形式主语出现。

It is mobile phones that we rely on heavily in our daily life.

最后一句为强调句型，“that”在这里并不作从句引导词。因为当我们把“it is ...that”去掉之后，剩下部分“we rely on mobile phones heavily in our daily life”的结构不受任何影响，说明它是一个强调句。注意，这一点也是我们区分强调句型与“it”作形式主语句型的一个重要依据。

试分析以下两个例句：

It is a common situation that education focuses on developing useful skills.（名从）

It is this common situation that arouses people attentions nowadays.（强调）

最后，祝大家雅思备考顺利！

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