四六级倒计时啦,别怕~
咱们把心静下来每天巩固一点,碎片时间也利用好,你一定能过哦!
多搞清一个知识点就多能刷一分,今天我们来讲分裂句!
分裂句是什么
分裂句是以it为引导词的强调句型,其结构为“It+be的某种形式+强调部分+that/who分句”。该句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的大多数句子成分,包括主语、宾语、状语等。
分裂句与强调句的关系是什么呢?
强调句有很多种表达方式,如:it引导的强调句(我们又称分裂句),用what引导一个假似分裂句,用do加强语气,变换副词的位置以加强副词本身的语气等等。
分裂句只是以上我所列举的强调句句型的第一种。接下来我要狂撒分裂句的例子啦!
试以“The old lady threw an egg at the speaker yesterday.”为例:
e.g. It was the old lady that/who threw an egg at the speaker yesterday.(强调主语)
e.g. It was an egg that the old lady threw at the speaker yesterday.(强调宾语)
e.g. It was yesterday that the old lady threw an egg at the speaker.(强调时间状语)
e.g. It was the speaker that the old lady threw an egg at yesterday.(强调介词宾语)
但是要注意,不能强调谓语动词,不能说:“It was threw that ... ”
分裂句难点
有以下两个知识点需要大家注意一下:
(1)如果被强调的主语是人称代词,该代词可用主格形式,也可用宾格形式。
看一下例句:
e.g. I did the job. = It was me/ I who did the job.
(2)分裂句中be可以是复杂形式,这个“复杂”主要包括时态因素。
例如:
e.g. It might have been the old lady that threw an egg at the speaker yesterday.
可能是那位老妇昨天向演讲者投掷鸡蛋的。
Mom: Tell mommy, who stole the candy?
Baby: It might have been me.
(3)分裂句还可以强调各种各样的状语成分,包括时间、方式、原因和地点。简直四项全能。
e.g. It was when it began to rain that he left for home.
开始下雨了他才回家。(强调时间状语从句)
e.g. It was very reluctantly that she agreed to help.
她非常勉强地同意帮忙。(强调方式状语)
e.g. I was because of the torrential rain that the meeting was put off.
是因为大暴雨会议才延期的。(强调原因状语)
e.g. It was in London that I saw the film.
我是在伦敦看的这部电影。(强调地点状语)
分裂句引导词it与先行词it
先行词it与分裂句引导词it的作用可是不一样的噢,注意区分。
首先呢,先行词it在句中常作先行主语,我们也叫它“形式主语”,如:
e.g. It is urgent that we should take precautions against possible terrorist attacks.(先行主语it)
而分裂句引导词it仅起引导作用,用来强调需要被强调的东西,例如:
e.g. It is money that is most needed.(分裂句引导词it)
拟似分裂句
之前我们讲过,分裂句是不能强调谓语动词的,如果要强调谓语动词,就应用另一种强调句型,该句型叫做拟似分裂句(pseudo-cleft sentence),这种句型不完全遵循分裂句的结构。例如:
e.g. I borrowed a book.
= What I did was (to) borrow a book.
该句型还可以用来强调主语或宾语。
例如:
e.g. I like her style.
= What I like is her style.(拟似分裂句)
= It is her style that I like.(分裂句)
你比自己想象中更厉害!
四六级加油!